AUGUSTIN R
Immunology. 1959 Apr;2(2):148-69.
The Ouchterlony patterns of fifteen grass pollen extracts (against rabbit antisera to the pollens of Cocksfoot— and Timothy—) are compared with skin reactivities in allergic subjects of this country and with quantitative assays in terms of a heat labile component of Cocksfoot referred to as antigen A. Problems of standardization in general and of the Noon unit in particular are discussed. Ten indigenous pollens are shown to give positive skin responses in all the pollen sensitive subjects tested, except in one with a most unusual selective specificity for Timothy alone. All indigenous pollens examined contain substances cross-reacting with antigen A, while the four `foreign' pollens, which give small or no skin responses, do not share the A-group specificity. Nevertheless A-content cannot be equated with skin reactivity. British pollens have numerous antigenic determinants in common other than the A-group specificity, although the occurrence of completely identical antigens in different pollens is unlikely. Complications in the interpretation of Ouchterlony patterns of related natural products are discussed from a purely serological point of view with the help of azoprotein models. Evidence is presented for the occurrence of what may be called . It is suggested that antibodies specific purely for small haptenic groups such as arsanilic acid are probably never produced. From gel diffusion tests on numerous bleedings from rabbits it seems that prolonged immunization does not lead to the formation of less specific sera as is usually suggested. On the contrary, more and more precisely fitting antibodies appear to be produced to an ever-increasing number of related antigens and minor impurities, probably to more determinants on one and the same molecule or even to new permutations of adjacent determinants on the same molecule. The need is stressed for more precise definitions of the terms and .
将15种草花粉提取物的欧氏免疫沉淀反应模式（针对兔抗鸭茅和梯牧草花粉血清）与该国过敏受试者的皮肤反应性以及以鸭茅中一种热不稳定成分（称为抗原A）进行的定量测定相比较。讨论了一般标准化问题，特别是努恩单位的标准化问题。除了一名对梯牧草具有极其罕见的选择性特异性的受试者外，在所有测试的花粉敏感受试者中，10种本地花粉均呈现阳性皮肤反应。所有检测的本地花粉都含有与抗原A发生交叉反应的物质，而四种“外来”花粉，其皮肤反应很小或无反应，则不具有A组特异性。然而，A含量不能等同于皮肤反应性。英国花粉除了A组特异性外，还有许多共同的抗原决定簇，尽管不同花粉中出现完全相同抗原的可能性不大。借助偶氮蛋白模型，从纯血清学角度讨论了相关天然产物欧氏免疫沉淀反应模式解释中的复杂性。提供了可能存在所谓……的证据。有人认为，可能永远不会产生仅针对小半抗原基团（如对氨基苯胂酸）的特异性抗体。从对兔多次采血进行的凝胶扩散试验来看，似乎长时间免疫不会像通常所认为的那样导致产生特异性较低的血清。相反，似乎会产生越来越精确适配的抗体，针对越来越多的相关抗原和微量杂质，可能针对同一分子上更多的决定簇，甚至针对同一分子上相邻决定簇的新排列。强调了对术语……进行更精确定义的必要性。
