Schmitter-Edgecombe Maureen, Chaytor Naomi S
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4820, USA.
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2003 Oct;25(7):918-32. doi: 10.1076/jcen.25.7.918.16484.
This study investigated executive aspects of working memory in a severe closed-head injured (CHI) population. Thirty-four severe CHI participants (>1 year postinjury) and 34 controls completed an abstract design version of Petrides and Milner's (1982) self-ordered pointing task. CHI participants made more errors than controls on the 16-item trial, but not the 9-item trial. Both CHI and control participants were able to make use of strategic processing to improve SOPT performance. As anticipated, errors on the SOPT were associated with another measure of working memory (i.e., Reading Span Test) for the control group. In contrast, for the CHI participants, errors on the SOPT were associated with a measure of delayed visual memory (i.e., Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Visual Reproduction II subtest). Our findings suggest that, as a group, the primary factor resulting in poorer SOPT performance by the CHI group was a memory deficit and not the ability to utilize executive aspects of working memory.
本研究调查了重度闭合性颅脑损伤（CHI）人群工作记忆的执行方面。34名重度CHI参与者（受伤后超过1年）和34名对照组完成了Petrides和Milner（1982年）自我排序指向任务的抽象设计版本。在16项试验中，CHI参与者比对照组犯的错误更多，但在9项试验中并非如此。CHI组和对照组参与者都能够利用策略性加工来提高自我排序指向任务的表现。正如预期的那样，对照组在自我排序指向任务上的错误与另一项工作记忆测量指标（即阅读广度测试）相关。相比之下，对于CHI参与者，自我排序指向任务上的错误与一项延迟视觉记忆测量指标（即韦氏记忆量表修订版视觉再现II子测验）相关。我们的研究结果表明，总体而言，导致CHI组自我排序指向任务表现较差的主要因素是记忆缺陷，而非利用工作记忆执行方面的能力。
