Benson M C, Whang I S, Olsson C A, McMahon D J, Cooner W H
Department of Urology, J. Bentley Squier Urological Clinic, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York.
J Urol. 1992 Mar;147(3 Pt 2):817-21. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)37394-9.
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is an extremely valuable tumor marker. However, its use in detection is limited by its low positive and negative predictive values. The ability of serum PSA to distinguish between benign and malignant prostatic conditions is particularly poor in the intermediate range of 4.1 and 10 ng./ml. by the Hybritech assay. We used transrectal ultrasound determined prostate volumes in a well characterized population of 533 men to form a serum PSA/prostate volume ratio called prostate specific antigen density (PSAD). The prevalence of cancer in the entire population was 18.4%. Discriminant analysis according to negative or positive outcome allowed for the construction of nomograms, which resulted in a PSAD defined cancer risk ranging from 3 to 100%. Predictive value nomograms created from PSAD may allow for a more individualized approach to evaluation of patients with intermediate levels of Hybritech serum PSA.
前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）是一种极具价值的肿瘤标志物。然而，其在检测中的应用受到其低阳性和阴性预测值的限制。通过Hybritech检测法，血清PSA区分前列腺良性和恶性疾病的能力在4.1至10 ng/ml的中间范围内尤其差。我们在533名特征明确的男性人群中使用经直肠超声测定前列腺体积，以形成一种血清PSA/前列腺体积比，称为前列腺特异性抗原密度（PSAD）。整个人群中癌症的患病率为18.4%。根据阴性或阳性结果进行判别分析可构建列线图，从而得出PSAD定义的癌症风险范围为3%至100%。由PSAD创建的预测值列线图可能允许对Hybritech血清PSA水平处于中间范围的患者进行更个体化的评估。
