Chakravarty B, Srivastava S
Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India.
Mutat Res. 1992 Dec;283(4):287-94. doi: 10.1016/0165-7992(92)90061-l.
To compare the toxicity of some heavy metals in vivo and in vitro, the effects of six metals, aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) were studied in the oil-yielding plant Helianthus annuus. The percentage of seed germination and cytotoxic effects at different concentrations and durations of treatment as well as the growth rate of callus tissues in vitro were compared to ascertain the concentrations that can either support plant growth or cause lethality. Highest toxicity to the plant system was observed from the effects of Pb both at high and low concentrations whereas Zn was the least toxic; and similar effects were seen in vivo and in vitro. The clastogenic effects of Al, Cd, Cu, and Ni were dependent on concentration and length of treatment. Cu and Zn showed less severe cytotoxic damages than Al, Cd, Pb, and Ni. In vitro growth could be supported at 100-1000 times the diluted concentrations of the metals in comparison to in vivo treatment.
为了比较某些重金属在体内和体外的毒性，研究了六种金属，即铝（Al）、镉（Cd）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）对产油植物向日葵的影响。比较了不同浓度和处理持续时间下种子萌发的百分比和细胞毒性作用，以及体外愈伤组织的生长速率，以确定能够支持植物生长或导致致死的浓度。在高浓度和低浓度下，铅对植物系统的毒性最高，而锌的毒性最小；在体内和体外观察到类似的效果。铝、镉、铜和镍的致突变作用取决于浓度和处理时间。铜和锌比铝、镉、铅和镍表现出较轻的细胞毒性损伤。与体内处理相比，体外生长可以在金属稀释浓度的100 - 1000倍下得到支持。
