Fisher A A
Contact Dermatitis. 1975 Oct;1(5):281-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1975.tb05436.x.
From a review of the literature, and the results of scratch, intracutaneous and subcutaneous injections of patients with parbens and benzyl alcohol sensitivity of the delayed type characterized by allergic contact dermatitis and strongly positive patch patch tests, it would appear that such sensitivity is not usually accompanied by the immediate urticarial type of allergic sensitivity. This communication concerns itself with results of testing patients with clinical sensitivity and positive patch test reactions to the parabens or benzyl alcohol with scratch, intracutaneous and subcutaneous injections of these preservatives in order to determine the relationship of the "delayed" type of allergic hypersensitivity to the parabens and benzyl alcohol with the "immediate" variety of hypersensitivity. The parabens and benzyl alcohol are widely employed as preservatives for many allergenic extracts used in scratch and intracutaneous testing. In addition, these preservatives are used in injectable corticosteroid medicaments and in local anesthetic solutions. In order to determine whether the presence of these preservatives in allergenic extracts would produce false positive scratch or intracutaneous tests or might produce an immediate, urticarial or anaphylactic reaction in patients with allergic contact dermatitis and positive patch test reactions to these preservatives, two patients with positive patch test reactions and allergic contact dermatitis to the parabens and two with similar benzyl alcohol sensitivity were tested in the manner detailed in the following case reports.
从文献综述以及对患有对防腐剂和苯甲醇迟发型过敏的患者（其特征为过敏性接触性皮炎且斑贴试验呈强阳性）进行划痕、皮内和皮下注射的结果来看，这种敏感性通常不会伴有速发型荨麻疹样过敏敏感性。本通讯关注的是对临床敏感且对防腐剂或苯甲醇斑贴试验呈阳性反应的患者进行测试的结果，通过对这些防腐剂进行划痕、皮内和皮下注射，以确定对防腐剂的“迟发型”过敏性超敏反应与“速发型”超敏反应之间的关系。对羟基苯甲酸酯类和苯甲醇被广泛用作许多用于划痕和皮内试验的变应原提取物的防腐剂。此外，这些防腐剂还用于注射用皮质类固醇药物和局部麻醉溶液中。为了确定变应原提取物中这些防腐剂的存在是否会产生假阳性划痕或皮内试验结果，或者是否会在对这些防腐剂有过敏性接触性皮炎且斑贴试验呈阳性反应的患者中引发速发型、荨麻疹型或过敏反应，按照以下病例报告中详述的方式，对两名对羟基苯甲酸酯类斑贴试验呈阳性反应且患有过敏性接触性皮炎的患者以及两名对苯甲醇有类似敏感性的患者进行了测试。
