Department of Dermatology, University of Munich, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2011 Nov;9(11):885-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2011.07718.x. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Corticosteroids are therapeutic agents used in cases of allergy and intolerance. Due to the antiinflammatory effects of the corticosteroids, hypersensitivity reactions often are considered to be a paradox. However, delayed-type reaction to corticosteroids is a frequent phenomenon in the daily routine. Non-responding eczema, development of subacute contact eczema, systemic contact dermatitis or maculopapular exanthemas can be a clinical symptom of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to corticosteroids. Immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to corticosteroids remain uncommon. Nevertheless, they can take a severe clinical course. Patients react with anaphylaxis after systemic administration or with aggravation of an allergic reaction under therapy with corticosteroids. Allergologic testing is necessary for diagnosis and providing alternative corticosteroids in case of an emergency.
皮质类固醇是用于过敏和不耐受情况的治疗药物。由于皮质类固醇的抗炎作用,超敏反应通常被认为是一种矛盾。然而,皮质类固醇的迟发型反应是日常工作中的常见现象。非反应性湿疹、亚急性接触性皮炎的发展、全身性接触性皮炎或斑丘疹性发疹可作为皮质类固醇迟发型超敏反应的临床症状。皮质类固醇的即刻型超敏反应仍然不常见。然而,它们可能会呈现严重的临床病程。患者在全身给药后会出现过敏反应,或在皮质类固醇治疗下过敏反应加重。过敏测试对于诊断和在紧急情况下提供替代皮质类固醇是必要的。