Renowden S A, Blethyn J, Cochlin D L
University Hospital of Wales, College of Medicine, Cardiff.
Clin Radiol. 1992 Apr;45(4):233-7. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9260(05)80003-0.
Arteriovenous fistulae are a common sequel to percutaneous biopsy of the transplant kidney. The majority close spontaneously, but a proportion progress and may require embolization or surgical closure. They are characterized by a very pulsatile (arterialized) venous flow. The arteries sometimes demonstrate a low resistive index and/or high velocities, but normal values may be encountered. On colour flow Doppler the most characteristic appearance is a mosaic of colour due to a combination of tissue vibration and turbulence.
