Thomas P C, Kettrick R G, Singsen B H
Department of Quality Assurance, Alfred I. duPont Institute, Wilmington, Delaware.
Del Med J. 1992 Aug;64(8):507-13.
Quality Assurance (QA) provides opportunities for physicians and allied health professionals to improve patient care and disease outcomes. Its goals are increased efficiency and efficacy in healthcare. QA activities are based upon objective criteria and systematic review and make important contributions to the effectiveness of hospitals and other care facilities. Successful programs help to maximize health status of patients while minimizing resource utilization. Beginning in 1917, early QA efforts were often informal and subjective but now include standards for QA and strategies for monitoring and evaluating patient care. Central to its new "Agenda for Change," the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations has embraced the concept of continuous quality improvement (CQI). This moves the focus of review away from department- or practitioner-specific activities and toward a "systems" form of evaluation. CQI is rooted in patient-care realities, is easy to implement, is based upon scientific assessments, and solves practical problems in an incremental and ongoing fashion.
质量保证（QA）为医生和相关医疗专业人员提供了改善患者护理和疾病治疗结果的机会。其目标是提高医疗保健的效率和效力。质量保证活动基于客观标准和系统审查，对医院及其他护理机构的有效性做出了重要贡献。成功的项目有助于在最大限度减少资源利用的同时，使患者的健康状况最大化。从1917年开始，早期的质量保证工作往往是非正式和主观的，但现在包括质量保证标准以及监测和评估患者护理的策略。医疗组织认证联合委员会在其新的“变革议程”中，采纳了持续质量改进（CQI）的概念。这将审查重点从特定部门或从业者的活动转移到一种“系统”评估形式上。持续质量改进扎根于患者护理的实际情况，易于实施，基于科学评估，并以渐进和持续的方式解决实际问题。
