D'Aquila N W, Habegger D, Willwerth E J
Nurs Manage. 1994 Oct;25(10):68-71.
The University of Cincinnati Ambulatory Care Services management team developed a Quality Assurance (QA) Orientation Manual including forms used to implement their QA program. This QA Orientation Manual was completed in December 1990. At that time, the JCAHO began moving toward the concept of Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI), which was reflected in the Accreditation Manual for Hospitals, 1992. While "thresholds" were developed as part of the QA Orientation Manual, "goals" are more appropriate to the CQI process. With quality assurance, thresholds are determined, and exceptions to the thresholds are reported. Consequently, quality assurance becomes a report of exceptions to the established thresholds. In comparison, in CQI, goals are established and measurements of consistent improvement toward the goals are reported. Thus, the goals become synonymous with the accepted standards of care.
辛辛那提大学门诊护理服务管理团队编写了一本质量保证（QA）培训手册，其中包括用于实施其QA计划的表格。这本QA培训手册于1990年12月完成。当时，联合委员会开始朝着持续质量改进（CQI）的概念发展，这一点在1992年的《医院评审手册》中有所体现。虽然“阈值”是作为QA培训手册的一部分制定的，但“目标”更适用于CQI流程。在质量保证中，确定阈值，并报告阈值的例外情况。因此，质量保证成为已确定阈值的例外情况报告。相比之下，在CQI中，确立目标并报告朝着目标持续改进的衡量情况。因此，目标成为公认护理标准的同义词。
