BOWMAN W C, GOLDBERG A A, RAPER C
Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962 Dec;19(3):464-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1962.tb01451.x.
The effects of adrenaline and isoprenaline on the tension and time-course of the contractions of the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles of cats and rabbits have been compared with the effects of previous high-frequency stimulation. Like a tetanus, adrenaline possessed a facilitating action on neuromuscular transmission and an action exerted directly on the muscle fibres. Isoprenaline possessed only the second of these two actions. The effect of adrenaline and isoprenaline on the muscle fibres was blocked by dichloroisoprenaline and by 1-(2 naphthyl)-2-isopropylaminoethanol, whereas the effect of adrenaline on neuromuscular transmission was blocked by phentolamine and by phenoxybenzamine. In the soleus muscle, both the catechol amines and a previous tetanus caused similar decreases in maximal twitch tension and in the times to peak tension and to half-relaxation. The muscle action potentials were unaltered or slightly increased in amplitude. In the tibialis anterior muscle, a previous tetanus and the catechol amines caused an increase in twitch tension and an increase in the overall duration of the twitch. The muscle action potentials were either unchanged or were slightly decreased in amplitude. In this muscle the effect of a tetanus differed from that of the catechol amines in that the large post-tetanic change was associated with a marked increase in the rate of rise of twitch tension.
已将肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素对猫和兔胫骨前肌与比目鱼肌收缩张力和时程的影响，与先前高频刺激的影响进行了比较。与强直收缩一样，肾上腺素对神经肌肉传递有易化作用，且对肌纤维有直接作用。异丙肾上腺素仅具有这两种作用中的第二种作用。二氯异丙肾上腺素和1-(2-萘基)-2-异丙氨基乙醇可阻断肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素对肌纤维的作用，而酚妥拉明和酚苄明可阻断肾上腺素对神经肌肉传递的作用。在比目鱼肌中，儿茶酚胺和先前的强直收缩均使最大抽搐张力以及达到峰值张力和半松弛的时间出现类似程度的降低。肌肉动作电位未改变或幅度略有增加。在胫骨前肌中，先前的强直收缩和儿茶酚胺使抽搐张力增加，且使抽搐的总持续时间增加。肌肉动作电位要么未改变，要么幅度略有降低。在该肌肉中，强直收缩的作用与儿茶酚胺的作用不同，在于强直收缩后出现的大幅度变化与抽搐张力上升速率的显著增加有关。
