Newcomb M D, Felix-Ortiz M
Division of Counseling and Educational Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-0031.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992 Aug;63(2):280-96. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.63.2.280.
A conceptual elaboration was developed that incorporates many risk and protective factors, and both direct and moderating (buffering) influences on drug involvement were tested. From prospective data, 14 factors related to drug use were selected and assigned empirically to either a multiple protective index (PFI) or a risk factor index (RFI). Analyses examined the relationships of the RFI, PFI, and their interaction on measures of cigarette, alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and hard drug use cross-sectionally in late adolescence and later in young adulthood. These same variables were used to predict alcohol, cannabis, and cocaine abuse 8 years later. Vulnerability as measured by the RFI, PFI, and their interaction was highly associated with drug use in adolescence, moderately associated with certain types of drug use in young adulthood, and strongly associated with heightened drug problems in adulthood.
我们构建了一个概念框架，纳入了许多风险和保护因素，并对药物使用的直接影响和调节（缓冲）影响进行了测试。从前瞻性数据中，我们选择了14个与药物使用相关的因素，并根据经验将它们分配到多重保护指数（PFI）或风险因素指数（RFI）中。分析考察了RFI、PFI及其交互作用与青少年晚期和青年成年期横断面的香烟、酒精、大麻、可卡因和硬性毒品使用指标之间的关系。这些相同的变量被用来预测8年后的酒精、大麻和可卡因滥用情况。以RFI、PFI及其交互作用衡量的易感性与青少年时期的药物使用高度相关，与青年成年期某些类型的药物使用中度相关，与成年期药物问题加剧密切相关。
