Stewart S H, Finn P R, Pihl R O
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Stud Alcohol. 1992 Sep;53(5):499-506. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1992.53.499.
Men at risk for alcoholism appear to be cardiovascularly hyperreactive to stressors; high doses of alcohol have been found to significantly dampen this hyperreactivity. The present study examined the effects of various doses of alcohol on cardiovascular reactivity in high- versus low-risk men. Cardiovascular reactivity to a stressor (unavoidable shock) was examined in men with multigenerational family histories of alcoholism and in family history negative men while they were sober and after they had consumed one of five alcohol doses (active placebo, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 or 1.32 ml 95% USP alcohol/kg body weight). No significant placebo effects were observed in the active placebo condition. Furthermore, the cardiovascular reactivity dampening effect in high-risk men was evident only at moderate to high doses of alcohol, suggesting that men at high risk for the development of alcoholism must consume moderately high doses of alcohol in order to obtain this potentially reinforcing consequence.
有酗酒风险的男性在心血管方面似乎对应激源反应过度；已发现高剂量酒精能显著抑制这种过度反应。本研究考察了不同剂量酒精对高风险和低风险男性心血管反应性的影响。研究人员检测了有酗酒多代家族史的男性以及无家族史男性在清醒状态下和饮用五种酒精剂量（活性安慰剂、0.50、0.75、1.00或1.32毫升95%美国药典酒精/千克体重）之一后对应激源（不可避免的电击）的心血管反应性。在活性安慰剂条件下未观察到显著的安慰剂效应。此外，高风险男性的心血管反应性抑制效应仅在中等至高剂量酒精时才明显，这表明有酗酒风险的男性必须饮用适度高剂量的酒精才能获得这种潜在的强化效果。
