Parker G, Hadzi-Pavlovic D
Mood Disorders Unit, Prince Henry Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Psychol Med. 1992 Aug;22(3):657-65. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700038101.
Several studies have suggested that 'anomalous parenting', as measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), may be a differential risk factor to subsequent depression in adulthood--being irrelevant to melancholia but over-represented in non-melancholic depressive disorders. Such a 'specificity' effect is confirmed in our current sample of 65 melancholic and 84 non-melancholic depressed patients. Secondly, we examine the risk to depression effected by exposure to one parent with an anomalous parental style, and the extent to which that risk is modified by characteristics of the other parent. We find clear evidence of additive effects with the risk to non-melancholic depression being raised by exposure to 'anomalous parenting' from two parents. Of the varying parental styles measured by the PBI, low parental care from both parents provided the highest risk to non-melancholic depression (being 4-7 time higher in one sample and 13-27 times higher in the other).
多项研究表明，通过父母教养方式问卷（PBI）衡量的“异常养育方式”可能是成年后发生抑郁症的一个差异化风险因素——与忧郁症无关，但在非忧郁症性抑郁症中比例过高。在我们目前由65名忧郁症患者和84名非忧郁症性抑郁症患者组成的样本中，这种“特异性”效应得到了证实。其次，我们研究了暴露于一位具有异常养育方式的父母所带来的患抑郁症风险，以及另一位父母的特征对该风险的影响程度。我们发现有明确证据表明存在累加效应，即暴露于两位父母的“异常养育方式”会增加患非忧郁症性抑郁症的风险。在PBI所衡量的不同养育方式中，父母双方的低关爱程度对非忧郁症性抑郁症的风险最高（在一个样本中高4至7倍，在另一个样本中高13至27倍）。
