Parker G, Roussos J, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Mitchell P, Wilhelm K, Austin M P
Mood Disorders Unit, Prince Henry Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Psychol Med. 1997 Sep;27(5):1193-203. doi: 10.1017/s003329179700545x.
The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) measures fundamental parenting dimensions (care and over-protection), but does not directly assess abusive parenting.
We describe the development of the Measure of Parenting Style (the MOPS), comprising refined PBI scales assessing parental indifference and over-control, as well as a scale assessing parental abuse.
We examine psychometric properties of the MOPS, while several analyses build to the concurrent validity of the abuse scale as an experimental measure. We examine the extent to which both the PBI and the MOPS scales showed specificity of dysfunctional parenting to the non-melancholic depressive subtype, and across a range of anxiety disorders. Non-melancholic depressed patients returned anomalous parenting scale scores (compared to melancholic subjects), but only when such subtyping decisions were clinician-generated. Those receiving DSM-III-R lifetime anxiety diagnoses of panic disorder and of social phobia returned higher PBI protection and MOPS over-control scores than non-anxious subjects, while differences were not established for those with generalized anxiety disorder or obsessive compulsive disorder.
We consider the likely utility of the MOPS scale and note the module capacity of separate MOPS and PBI scales, which allow a set of options for assessing perceived parenting characteristics.
父母教养方式问卷（PBI）测量基本的养育维度（关爱和过度保护），但不直接评估虐待性养育方式。
我们描述了养育方式量表（MOPS）的编制过程，该量表包括经过改进的PBI量表，用于评估父母的冷漠和过度控制，以及一个评估父母虐待行为的量表。
我们检验了MOPS的心理测量特性，同时进行了多项分析以建立虐待行为量表作为一种实验测量方法的同时效度。我们考察了PBI和MOPS量表在多大程度上显示出功能失调性养育方式对非忧郁型抑郁亚型以及一系列焦虑症的特异性。非忧郁型抑郁患者的养育方式量表得分异常（与忧郁型受试者相比），但只有在这种亚型分类由临床医生做出时才会出现这种情况。那些被诊断为DSM-III-R终身患有惊恐障碍和社交恐惧症的焦虑症患者的PBI保护得分和MOPS过度控制得分高于非焦虑症患者，而广泛性焦虑症或强迫症患者则没有差异。
我们考虑了MOPS量表的可能效用，并指出了单独的MOPS和PBI量表的模块能力，这为评估感知到的养育特征提供了一系列选择。
