GOTTLIEB D, VANETTEN J L
J Bacteriol. 1964 Jul;88(1):114-21. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.1.114-121.1964.
Gottlieb, David (University of Illinois, Urbana), and James L. Van Etten. Biochemical changes during the growth of fungi. I. Nitrogen compounds and carbohydrate changes in Penicillium atrovenetum. J. Bacteriol. 88:114-121. 1964.-Changes in the biochemical constituents of cells were studied during the growth and development of Penicillium atrovenetum. Growth of the fungus, as measured by the dry weight, could be divided into four phases: lag, log, stationary, and death. The percentages of total nitrogen, cold trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and protein increased to a maximum during the lag phase, and subsequently decreased as the fungus aged. The percentage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was always slightly higher in the spores than in the mycelium. The DNA in the mycelium decreased in the lag phase, and then increased slightly to a plateau for the duration of the log phase, followed by a decrease to a constant percentage during the stationary and death phases. Carbohydrates were present in higher concentration in the mycelium than in the spores. The percentage of carbohydrates in the mycelium increased continually until it reached a maximum late in the log phase, and then decreased as the fungus entered the death phase. The results reported for this fungus are, in general, in agreement with those reported for other microorganisms. Namely, the percentages of enzyme-forming compounds, such as amino acids, nucleotides, RNA, and protein, were highest in the lag phase, whereas storage compounds such as carbohydrates increased to a maximum near the end of the log phase. The definition of log phase in fungi depends on the criteria that are used. If, instead of using the linear increase in dry weight to delimit this growth period, one uses the end of net protein, RNA, and DNA synthesis, a more realistic concept of growth emerges.
戈特利布，大卫（伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳分校）和詹姆斯·L·范·埃滕。真菌生长过程中的生化变化。I. 黑曲霉中氮化合物和碳水化合物的变化。《细菌学杂志》88:114 - 121。1964年。——研究了黑曲霉生长和发育过程中细胞生化成分的变化。以干重衡量，真菌的生长可分为四个阶段：延迟期、对数期、稳定期和死亡期。总氮、冷三氯乙酸可溶性氮、核糖核酸（RNA）和蛋白质的百分比在延迟期增加到最大值，随后随着真菌老化而下降。脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）的百分比在孢子中总是略高于菌丝体。菌丝体中的DNA在延迟期减少，然后在对数期持续期间略有增加至稳定水平，随后在稳定期和死亡期下降至恒定百分比。菌丝体中碳水化合物的浓度高于孢子。菌丝体中碳水化合物的百分比持续增加，直到在对数期末期达到最大值，然后随着真菌进入死亡期而下降。关于这种真菌的研究结果总体上与其他微生物的研究结果一致。也就是说，诸如氨基酸、核苷酸、RNA和蛋白质等形成酶的化合物的百分比在延迟期最高，而诸如碳水化合物等储存化合物在对数期末期附近增加到最大值。真菌对数期的定义取决于所使用的标准。如果不是用干重的线性增加来界定这个生长时期，而是用净蛋白质、RNA和DNA合成的结束来界定，就会出现一个更现实的生长概念。
