Stein-Behrens B A, Sapolsky R M
Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, California 94305-5020.
Aging (Milano). 1992 Sep;4(3):197-210. doi: 10.1007/BF03324092.
Attention has long been focused on the relationship between stress and aging, both under the guise of stress as an accelerator of normal aging and of aging as a time of impaired ability to cope with stress. This review examines the considerable amount of evidence in support of these views. We address these ideas with respect to glucocorticoids, the adrenal steroid hormones secreted during stress. In particular, we concentrate on three model systems: 1) programmed senescence in marsupial mice and semelparous fish as mediated by glucocorticoid excess; 2) glucocorticoid hypersecretion in rats and its role in damaging the aging brain; and 3) potential human and primate adrenocortical dysfunction during aging. We discuss physical and cognitive consequences of adrenocortical dysfunction in these systems, and how they may relate to human aging.
长期以来，人们一直关注压力与衰老之间的关系，压力被视为正常衰老的加速器，而衰老则被视为应对压力能力受损的时期。这篇综述审视了大量支持这些观点的证据。我们从应激期间分泌的肾上腺类固醇激素糖皮质激素的角度探讨这些观点。特别是，我们专注于三个模型系统：1）由糖皮质激素过量介导的有袋类小鼠和一次性繁殖鱼类的程序性衰老；2）大鼠糖皮质激素分泌过多及其在损害衰老大脑中的作用；3）衰老过程中潜在的人类和灵长类动物肾上腺皮质功能障碍。我们讨论了这些系统中肾上腺皮质功能障碍的身体和认知后果，以及它们与人类衰老的可能关系。
