Brown K H, Perez F
Program in International Nutrition, University of California, Davis.
Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1992 Sep;381:127-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12386.x.
Diarrheal diseases have a well recognized negative effect on children's growth, probably due in part to reduced dietary intake during illness. Previous studies have shown that the effects of diarrhea on dietary intake are greater among hospitalized children than among those observed in their homes. Breast milk intake does not change during diarrhea, however, so breast-fed children are less likely to reduce their total energy and nutrient intakes. Recent analyses of clinical studies found that acidosis and dehydration were most closely associated with reduced dietary intake of hospitalized patients. The implications of these and other studies for the dietary management of patients during and after diarrhea are discussed.
腹泻病对儿童生长发育具有公认的负面影响，这可能部分归因于患病期间饮食摄入量减少。先前的研究表明，腹泻对住院儿童饮食摄入的影响大于对居家观察儿童的影响。然而，腹泻期间母乳摄入量不变，因此母乳喂养的儿童减少其总能量和营养素摄入量的可能性较小。近期对临床研究的分析发现，酸中毒和脱水与住院患者饮食摄入量减少的关联最为密切。本文讨论了这些研究及其他研究对腹泻期间及腹泻后患者饮食管理的启示。
