BOWER G, GRUSEC T
J Exp Anal Behav. 1964 Nov;7(6):401-4. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1964.7-401.
The effect of Pavlovian discrimination training with two stimuli upon subsequent learning of an operant discrimination involving those stimuli was studied. After preliminary lever press training, the lever was removed and thirsty rats received noncontingent pairings between S(1) (a tone or a clicker) and water reinforcements, whereas S(2) (a clicker or a tone) occurred always without reinforcement. This procedure presumably established S(1) as a positive CS for respondent behavior, whereas S(2) was established as an inhibitory CS. Following this training, the lever was reintroduced and the rats were trained on an operant (lever pressing) discrimination involving S(1) and S(2). For the Consistent Ss, S(1) was the S(D) and S(2) the S(Delta) in the operant discrimination; for the Reversed Ss, S(2) served as S(D) and S(1) as S(Delta). The Consistent Ss learned the operant discrimination significantly faster than did the Reversed Ss. The result emphasizes the importance of respondents, conditioned to S(D) and S(Delta), which modulate operant performance to these stimuli.
研究了对两种刺激进行巴甫洛夫辨别训练对随后学习涉及这些刺激的操作性辨别的影响。在初步的杠杆按压训练后，移除杠杆，口渴的大鼠接受S(1)（一种音调或咔哒声）与水强化物之间的非条件配对，而S(2)（一种咔哒声或音调）总是在没有强化的情况下出现。这个程序大概将S(1)确立为反应性行为的阳性条件刺激，而S(2)被确立为抑制性条件刺激。经过这种训练后，重新引入杠杆，对大鼠进行涉及S(1)和S(2)的操作性（杠杆按压）辨别训练。对于一致性组的大鼠，在操作性辨别中S(1)是辨别性刺激（S(D)），S(2)是消退性刺激（S(Delta)）；对于反转组的大鼠，S(2)作为S(D)，S(1)作为S(Delta)。一致性组的大鼠学习操作性辨别比反转组的大鼠明显更快。该结果强调了对S(D)和S(Delta)形成条件反射的反应性行为的重要性，这些反应性行为会调节对这些刺激的操作性表现。
