Hammersley R, Lavelle T L, Forsyth A J
Behavioural Sciences Group, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1992 Oct;31(1):91-9. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(92)90013-3.
Four factors have confounded the association between drug use and morbidity: (a) known drug users may be less healthy than unknown drug users; (b) drug users are rarely compared to control subjects; (c) the socio-economic status of drug users predisposes them to ill-health; (d) the personality of drug users predisposes them to ill-health. Here, controlling for these confounds, in a study of 210 adolescent drug users it was found that subjective ill-health was more strongly related to drug use than was objective ill-health. Drug use was related to neuroticism and psychopathic deviance. Controlling for personality, drug use accounted for little additional variance in health. It is concluded that drug use and health are not strongly related amongst adolescent drug users, although, because of their personalities, drug users tend not to feel well. Implications are discussed for the self-treatment explanation of drug use and for the design of preventative programmes.
（a）已知的药物使用者可能比未知的药物使用者健康状况更差；（b）药物使用者很少与对照对象进行比较；（c）药物使用者的社会经济地位使他们易患健康问题；（d）药物使用者的性格使他们易患健康问题。在此，在一项针对210名青少年药物使用者的研究中，控制了这些混杂因素后发现，主观健康不佳与药物使用的关联比客观健康不佳与药物使用的关联更强。药物使用与神经质和精神病态偏差有关。在控制了性格因素后，药物使用在健康方面几乎没有额外的方差贡献。得出的结论是，在青少年药物使用者中，药物使用与健康并没有紧密关联，尽管由于他们的性格，药物使用者往往感觉身体不适。文中讨论了对药物使用自我治疗解释以及预防计划设计的启示。
