Kahn M W, Fua C
Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1992 Autumn;38(3):208-14. doi: 10.1177/002076409203800304.
Extensive harmful drinking of alcohol is a major problem for many groups of Australian Aborigines and western treatment approaches have had limited effect. In order to stress cultural factors in treatment, a program to train indigenous Aborigines as alcoholism counselors for their communities was developed. In its more than 10 years of existence 145 counselors have been graduated. Of those initially entering the two year program 60% have graduated. Most of those have found employment as alcohol counselors for their people, and the numbers of Aborigines treated has increased. About 90% of those who entered the training had severe repeated substance abuse disorders in their recent history. The training and the alcohol counseling employment appears to be highly associated with continuing sobriety. For those who graduated the program only 4.8% returned to drinking. Those who completed only the first phase, 8.4% returned to drinking. Of those who were terminated from the program, 74% returned to drinking. Training alcoholics as alcohol counselors appears to be associated with vocational success and maintenance of sobriety as predicted by Riessman's "helper-therapy principle."
大量有害饮酒对许多澳大利亚原住民群体来说是一个主要问题，而西方的治疗方法效果有限。为了强调治疗中的文化因素，开发了一个培训原住民担任其社区酒精成瘾顾问的项目。在该项目存在的10多年里，已有145名顾问毕业。最初参加这个两年项目的人中有60%毕业。其中大多数人找到了为其族人担任酒精顾问的工作，接受治疗的原住民人数有所增加。参加培训的人中约90%近期有严重的反复药物滥用障碍病史。培训和酒精顾问工作似乎与持续戒酒高度相关。对于完成该项目的人来说，只有4.8%的人重新开始饮酒。只完成第一阶段的人中有8.4%重新开始饮酒。从该项目中被终止的人中有74%重新开始饮酒。正如里斯曼的“辅助治疗原则”所预测的那样，将酗酒者培训为酒精顾问似乎与职业成功和保持戒酒有关。
