Pillai R, Garewal H S, Wood S, Watson R R
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724.
J Surg Oncol. 1992 Nov;51(3):195-202. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930510314.
A major limiting factor in the successful implementation of cancer chemoprevention trials has been the determination of endpoints to measure efficacy and success. The use of the ultimate goal of such trials, namely, cancer incidence, as an endpoint has serious feasibility problems, including the need for large numbers of participants, long follow-up periods, and high costs. The application of biological markers as intermediate endpoints to reveal responses to chemopreventive agents within a short time and to act as surrogates for cancer is an attractive concept worthy of intense investigation. This study reviews some potential biological markers, including genetic, cellular, biochemical, and immunological, as well as their possible application to cancer chemoprevention.
癌症化学预防试验成功实施的一个主要限制因素是确定衡量疗效和成功的终点。将此类试验的最终目标，即癌症发病率，用作终点存在严重的可行性问题，包括需要大量参与者、长时间随访以及高成本。应用生物标志物作为中间终点，以便在短时间内揭示对化学预防剂的反应并作为癌症的替代指标，是一个值得深入研究的有吸引力的概念。本研究综述了一些潜在的生物标志物，包括遗传、细胞、生化和免疫方面的，以及它们在癌症化学预防中的可能应用。
