Fujii M D, Patten B M
Wright State University/NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas.
Neurol Clin. 1992 Nov;10(4):999-1013.
Exposure to microgravity and space travel produce several neurologic changes, including SAS, ataxia, postural disturbances, perceptual illusions, neuromuscular weakness, and fatigue. Inflight SAS, perceptual illusions, and ocular changes are of more importance. After landing, however, ataxia, perceptual illusions, neuromuscular weakness, and fatigue play greater roles in astronaut health and readaptation to a terrestrial environment. Cardiovascular adjustments to microgravity, bone demineralization, and possible decompression sickness and excessive radiation exposure contribute further to medical problems of astronauts in space. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which microgravity adversely affects the nervous system and more effective treatments will provide healthier, happier, and longer stays in space on the space station Freedom and during the mission to Mars.
暴露于微重力环境和太空旅行会产生多种神经学变化，包括空间适应综合征、共济失调、姿势紊乱、感知错觉、神经肌肉无力和疲劳。飞行中的空间适应综合征、感知错觉和眼部变化更为重要。然而，着陆后，共济失调、感知错觉、神经肌肉无力和疲劳对宇航员的健康以及重新适应地球环境起着更大的作用。心血管对微重力的适应、骨质脱矿以及可能的减压病和过度辐射暴露进一步加重了宇航员在太空中的医疗问题。更好地理解微重力对神经系统产生不利影响的机制以及更有效的治疗方法，将使宇航员在自由号空间站以及火星任务期间能更健康、愉快地在太空中停留更长时间。
