Power R P, Moulden B
School of Behavioural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Perception. 1992;21(4):449-63. doi: 10.1068/p210449.
Wallach has described in qualitative terms the movement of lines behind apertures. We related the data he obtained to the aperture problem, constructed a model of movement perception, and carried out tests of the model. Experiment 1 was a parametric study, and showed the conditions under which a reliable illusion (the barber pole illusion) of diagonal movement of lines along an aperture could be obtained, and when fluctuating judgements or veridical percepts were obtained. On the basis of this study a dipole model was constructed. The model was further developed and tested. In experiment 2 the effects of total area of stimulation were examined: diagonal gratings were viewed behind multiple apertures. In experiment 3 the effects of local signs were examined: diagonal gratings were viewed in an aperture which had edges cut in small steps and stairs, with the risers parallel to the grating, and the treads parallel to the direction of motion of the grating. Experiment 4 was designed to test a prediction about the motion aftereffect of dots near and far from the point of fixation, and the results confirmed the model. It was concluded that the model accounts for the barber pole illusion and, generally, for the movement of gratings in apertures.
瓦拉赫已定性地描述了小孔后面线条的运动。我们将他获得的数据与小孔问题联系起来，构建了一个运动感知模型，并对该模型进行了测试。实验1是一项参数研究，它展示了在哪些条件下能够获得线条沿小孔的可靠错觉（理发店旋转灯柱错觉），以及何时会得到波动的判断或真实的感知。基于这项研究构建了一个偶极子模型。该模型得到了进一步的发展和测试。在实验2中，研究了刺激总面积的影响：在多个小孔后面观察对角光栅。在实验3中，研究了局部标志的影响：在一个小孔中观察对角光栅，该小孔的边缘以小台阶和楼梯状切割，竖板与光栅平行，踏板与光栅的运动方向平行。实验4旨在测试关于靠近和远离注视点的点的运动后效的预测，结果证实了该模型。得出的结论是，该模型解释了理发店旋转灯柱错觉，并且总体上解释了小孔中光栅的运动。
