Patterson R, Bowd C, Donnelly M
Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-4820, USA.
Vision Res. 1998 Jul;38(14):2119-25. doi: 10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00420-3.
Across two experiments, this study found that the barber pole illusion (i.e. grating pattern appearing to move in the direction of the long axis of a rectangular aperture) is perceived with stereoscopic (cyclopean) motion. The grating and aperture comprising the barber pole display were created from binocular disparity differences embedded in a dynamic random-dot stereogram or from luminance differences. In Experiment 1, observers viewed a square-wave grating moving through a rectangular aperture of 2:1 or 4:1 aspect ratio and indicated whether the grating appeared to move in a direction perpendicular to its orientation or in the direction of the long axis of the aperture. For both stereoscopic and luminance stimuli equally, the grating appeared to move in the direction of the aperture (i.e. the barber pole illusion) more often with the larger aspect ratio than with the smaller aspect ratio. The condition for which a stereoscopic grating moved through a luminance rectangular aperture was also examined: the grating appeared to move in the direction of the aperture (inter-attribute barber pole illusion). In Experiment 2, observers viewed a square-wave grating moving through a rectangular aperture of 3:1 aspect ratio whose sides were indented in order to change the local direction of motion of the line terminators. For both stereoscopic and luminance stimuli, the grating appeared to move more frequently in a direction perpendicular to its orientation with the indented aperture (i.e. the illusion was diminished). Thus, local velocity signals from moving stereoscopic line terminators play a role in the production of the barber pole illusion similar to that of luminance motion signals. This suggests that the generation and propagation of motion signals at cyclopean levels of vision play a part in the representation of coherently-moving rigid surfaces.
在两项实验中，本研究发现，理发店旋转招牌错觉（即光栅图案看起来沿矩形孔径的长轴方向移动）是通过立体（独眼）运动感知到的。构成理发店旋转招牌显示的光栅和孔径是由动态随机点立体图中嵌入的双眼视差差异或亮度差异创建的。在实验1中，观察者观看一个方波光栅穿过长宽比为2:1或4:1的矩形孔径，并指出光栅看起来是沿与其方向垂直的方向移动，还是沿孔径的长轴方向移动。对于立体和亮度刺激，光栅在长宽比大时比在长宽比小时更常看起来沿孔径方向移动（即理发店旋转招牌错觉）。还研究了立体光栅穿过亮度矩形孔径的情况：光栅看起来沿孔径方向移动（属性间理发店旋转招牌错觉）。在实验2中，观察者观看一个方波光栅穿过长宽比为3:1的矩形孔径，其侧边有凹口，以改变线条终端的局部运动方向。对于立体和亮度刺激，光栅在有凹口的孔径下更频繁地看起来沿与其方向垂直的方向移动（即错觉减弱）。因此，来自移动立体线条终端的局部速度信号在理发店旋转招牌错觉的产生中所起的作用与亮度运动信号类似。这表明，在独眼视觉水平上运动信号的产生和传播在连贯移动的刚性表面的表征中起作用。
