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口服避孕药使用的益处与风险。

Benefits and risks of oral contraceptive use.

作者信息

Williams R S

机构信息

University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610.

出版信息

Postgrad Med. 1992 Nov 15;92(7):155-7, 161-2, 168-71. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1992.11701539.

Abstract

As a general rule, the lowest-dose oral contraceptive should be prescribed that minimizes side effects while maintaining contraceptive protection. A woman who experiences mild side effects should be encouraged to tolerate symptoms for three menstrual cycles before a decision is made to change the prescription. Compliance may also be improved by informing women of the noncontraceptive health benefits of oral contraceptives: less menstrual blood loss and a lower incidence of menorrhagia, irregular bleeding, benign breast disease, endometrial cancer, dysmenorrhea, ovarian cysts or tumors, and salpingitis. Adequate patient education and supportive counseling are key factors in patient satisfaction and hence compliance.

摘要

一般来说,应开具最低剂量的口服避孕药,在维持避孕效果的同时尽量减少副作用。对于出现轻微副作用的女性,应鼓励她们耐受症状三个月经周期后再决定是否更换处方。告知女性口服避孕药的非避孕健康益处,如减少月经失血以及月经过多、不规则出血、良性乳腺疾病、子宫内膜癌、痛经、卵巢囊肿或肿瘤、输卵管炎的发生率较低,也可能提高依从性。充分的患者教育和支持性咨询是患者满意度以及依从性的关键因素。

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