Gauderer M W
Department of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
Surg Clin North Am. 1992 Dec;72(6):1267-84. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)45880-9.
Vascular access is a sine qua non in the management of pediatric surgical patients. The indications, as well as the number of available access routes, types of devices, and their use, have expanded over the last two decades. This article is an overview intended to allow the surgeon to match the safest and most effective access to the child's therapeutic needs. It also contains descriptions of sites for percutaneous and cut-down vascular access in children, as well as the author's personal approach to central venous access. Vascular access in children requires skill, time, patience, and the appropriate equipment. Fortunately, with attention to detail, most complications can be avoided.
血管通路在小儿外科患者的治疗中是必不可少的。在过去二十年里，血管通路的适应证、可用通路的数量、器械类型及其使用都有所增加。本文旨在概述，以使外科医生能够根据患儿的治疗需求选择最安全、最有效的通路。文中还描述了儿童经皮和切开血管通路的部位，以及作者个人进行中心静脉通路操作的方法。建立儿童血管通路需要技巧、时间、耐心和合适的设备。幸运的是，注重细节可避免大多数并发症。
