Etzersdorfer E, Fischer P, Sonneck G
Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Wien.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1992;104(19):594-9.
This article investigates the suicide rates in Austria from 1980 to 1990 according to age groups and the methods used. In the years investigated the overall suicide rate increased until 1986, followed by a decline until 1990. The suicide rate in women shows a gradual linear increase with age, whilst in men there is a biphasic curve with a steep increase in teenagers and young men in their early twenties, followed by a plateau and a second steep increase as from 65 years of age, whereby the increase from "60-64 years" to the age group "over 85 years" is 134%. Regarding the age groups the decline over the past years in women is biggest in the groups "35-39 years" and "65-69 years", with men a decrease is present in the age groups from 20 to 50 years. Concerning the methods used, hanging is the most common mode of suicide in both women (36.4%) and men (48.8%). Suicide in the elderly--particularly in old men--which has increased internationally over the past few decades is targeted as the major area for vigorous preventive measures in Austria.
本文根据年龄组和自杀方式调查了1980年至1990年奥地利的自杀率。在调查的年份中，总体自杀率在1986年之前上升，随后在1990年之前下降。女性的自杀率随年龄呈逐渐线性上升，而男性则呈现双相曲线，青少年和20岁出头的年轻男性自杀率急剧上升，随后趋于平稳，65岁及以上又再次急剧上升，从“60 - 64岁”到“85岁以上”年龄组的自杀率增幅为134%。在年龄组方面，过去几年女性中下降幅度最大的是“35 - 39岁”和“65 - 69岁”组，男性中20至50岁年龄组自杀率有所下降。关于自杀方式，上吊是女性（36.4%）和男性（48.8%）最常见的自杀方式。在过去几十年里，老年人（尤其是老年男性）自杀率在国际上有所上升，这被视为奥地利大力采取预防措施的主要领域。
