Etzersdorfer E, Piribauer F, Sonneck G
Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Universität Wien.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1994;144(17):412-5.
To report on suicides among a nation's population over time 4 types of figures, hierarchically related, are used. The total yearly number (1), the crude rate (2), the set of age adjusted rates (3) and the standardized rate (4). Only the latter 2 figures can be used for comparisons among different nations as they adjusted for confounding by age. For the period 1970 to 1990 Austria's 24.4/100,000 person-years (women 13.2, men 38.0), is higher than all of its neighbors except Hungary. We observed, in contrast to reports from other countries, a sex differential in time trends for the same period: male rates increased, whereas those for females decreased over time. Trends in neighboring nations indicated for both sexes always in the same direction. A recent (1986 to 1991) drop in both male and female suicide rates could indicate an end to the observed exception. Thus the sex differential in Austrian rates should be monitored closely in the future.
为了长期报告一个国家人口中的自杀情况，使用了4种层次相关的数据类型。即年度总数（1）、粗率（2）、一组年龄调整率（3）和标准化率（4）。只有后两种数据可用于不同国家之间的比较，因为它们对年龄混杂因素进行了调整。1970年至1990年期间，奥地利的自杀率为每10万人年24.4例（女性为13.2例，男性为38.0例），高于除匈牙利之外的所有邻国。与其他国家的报告相反，我们观察到同一时期的时间趋势存在性别差异：男性自杀率上升，而女性自杀率随时间下降。邻国的趋势表明，两性自杀率的变化方向始终相同。最近（1986年至1991年）男性和女性自杀率均有所下降，这可能表明所观察到的异常情况已经结束。因此，未来应密切监测奥地利自杀率的性别差异。
