Nehrbass U, Hurt E C
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1992 Aug;62(1-2):3-14. doi: 10.1007/BF00584458.
The central features of nuclear import have been conserved during evolution. In yeast the nuclear accumulation of proteins follows the same selective and active transport mechanisms known from higher eukaryotes. Yeast nuclear proteins contain nuclear localization sequences (NLS) which are presumably recognized by receptors in the cytoplasm and the nuclear envelope. Subsequent to this recognition step, nuclear proteins are translocated into the nucleus via the nuclear pore complexes. The structure of the yeast nuclear pore complex resembles that of higher eukaryotes. Recently, the first putative components of the yeast nuclear import machinery have been cloned and sequenced. The genetically amenable yeast system allows for an efficient structural and functional analysis of these components. Due to the evolutionary conservation potential insights into the nuclear import mechanisms in yeast can be transferred to higher eukaryotes. Thus, yeast can be considered as a eukaryotic model system to study nuclear transport.
核输入的核心特征在进化过程中得以保留。在酵母中，蛋白质的核积累遵循与高等真核生物相同的选择性和主动运输机制。酵母核蛋白含有核定位序列（NLS），这些序列大概会被细胞质和核膜中的受体识别。在这一识别步骤之后，核蛋白通过核孔复合体转运到细胞核中。酵母核孔复合体的结构与高等真核生物的相似。最近，酵母核输入机制的首批假定成分已被克隆和测序。遗传上易于操作的酵母系统有助于对这些成分进行高效的结构和功能分析。由于进化保守性，对酵母核输入机制的潜在见解可应用于高等真核生物。因此，酵母可被视为研究核运输的真核模型系统。
