Milstein O, Gersonde R, Huttermann A, Chen M J, Meister J J
Forstbotanisches Institut Universität Göttingen, Germany.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Oct;58(10):3225-32. doi: 10.1128/aem.58.10.3225-3232.1992.
White rot basidiomycetes were able to biodegrade styrene (1-phenylethene) graft copolymers of lignin containing different proportions of lignin and polystyrene [poly(1-phenylethylene)]. The biodegradation tests were run on lignin-styrene copolymerization products which contained 10.3, 32.2, and 50.4% (wt/wt) lignin. The polymer samples were incubated with the white rot fungi Pleurotus ostreatus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and Trametes versicolor and the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum. White rot fungi degraded the plastic samples at a rate which increased with increasing lignin content in the copolymer sample. Both polystyrene and lignin components of the copolymer were readily degraded. Polystyrene pellets were not degradable in these tests. Degradation was verified for both incubated and control samples by weight loss, quantitative UV spectrophotometric analysis of both lignin and styrene residues, scanning electron microscopy of the plastic surface, and the presence of enzymes active in degradation during incubation. Brown rot fungus did not affect any of the plastics. White rot fungi produced and secreted oxidative enzymes associated with lignin degradation in liquid media during incubation with lignin-polystyrene copolymer.
白腐担子菌能够对含有不同比例木质素和聚苯乙烯[聚(1-苯乙烯)]的木质素苯乙烯接枝共聚物进行生物降解。对含有10.3%、32.2%和50.4%（重量/重量）木质素的木质素-苯乙烯共聚产物进行了生物降解试验。将聚合物样品与白腐真菌糙皮侧耳、黄孢原毛平革菌和云芝以及褐腐真菌密粘褶菌一起培养。白腐真菌降解塑料样品的速率随着共聚物样品中木质素含量的增加而加快。共聚物的聚苯乙烯和木质素成分都很容易被降解。在这些试验中，聚苯乙烯颗粒不可降解。通过重量损失、对木质素和苯乙烯残留物进行定量紫外分光光度分析、对塑料表面进行扫描电子显微镜检查以及在培养过程中存在具有降解活性的酶，对培养样品和对照样品的降解情况进行了验证。褐腐真菌对任何一种塑料都没有影响。在与木质素-聚苯乙烯共聚物一起培养期间，白腐真菌在液体培养基中产生并分泌了与木质素降解相关的氧化酶。
