Froude J R, Weiss L M, Tanowitz H B, Wittner M
Department of Pathology (Division of Parasitology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Nov;15(5):774-80. doi: 10.1093/clind/15.5.774.
The cases of 51 patients with malaria seen at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine hospitals from January 1986 to June 1991 are reviewed. Thirty-five patients acquired infection on journeys to their country of origin. Of these 35 patients, 83% of whom had lived in the United States for > or = 2 years, only 17% received antimalarial prophylaxis. Ten of the 51 patients were born and raised in the United States, and 70% received prophylaxis (P < .01). Six of the 51 patients were visitors to the United States from areas endemic for malaria. Overall, 64% of patients acquired malaria in West Africa, south of the Sahara; 20% in Asia; 8% in Ecuador; 6% in Haiti; and 4% in the Middle East. The majority of infections were due to Plasmodium falciparum. Six patients traveled to a zone endemic for malaria while pregnant, and none received prophylaxis. In nine of 13 patients who received prophylaxis, there was inadequate dosing or poor compliance. Individuals born in regions endemic for malaria are at high risk of acquiring malaria on return to their countries of origin and are less aware of the need for malaria prophylaxis than are other travelers.
对1986年1月至1991年6月间在阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦医学院附属医院就诊的51例疟疾患者的病例进行了回顾。35例患者在回国途中感染。在这35例患者中，83%在美国居住≥2年，只有17%接受了抗疟预防。51例患者中有10例在美国出生并长大，70%接受了预防（P<0.01）。51例患者中有6例是来自疟疾流行地区的美国访客。总体而言，64%的患者在撒哈拉以南的西非感染疟疾；20%在亚洲；8%在厄瓜多尔；6%在海地；4%在中东。大多数感染是由恶性疟原虫引起的。6例患者在怀孕期间前往疟疾流行区，均未接受预防。在13例接受预防的患者中，有9例给药不足或依从性差。出生在疟疾流行地区的人在回国时感染疟疾的风险很高，并且比其他旅行者更不了解疟疾预防的必要性。
