Soslowsky L J, Flatow E L, Bigliani L U, Mow V C
Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, New York Orthopaedic Hospital, Columbia University, New York.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992 Dec(285):181-90.
Little quantitative data exists defining the true shape of the humeral head and glenoid articular surfaces. This study uses a precise stereophotogrammetry (SPG) technique and provides highly accurate quantitative results for determining the three-dimensional geometry of glenohumeral joint articular surfaces, including their "sphericity", surface areas, cartilage thickness, and the difference in these quantities between the genders. Results indicate that glenohumeral joint surfaces may be approximated by a section of a sphere with small deviations from sphericity of less than 1% of the radius. Furthermore, results indicate that mating humeral head and glenoid articular surfaces are quite congruent and have radii within 2 mm in 88% of cases, and within 3 mm in all cases measured. The lack of anatomic stability of this joint is therefore not attributable to the relative shallowness or lack of congruence of the joint but rather to the small surface area of the glenoid which does not enclose the humeral head. Cartilage thickness results may partially explain perceptions of glenohumeral incongruity obtained from roentgenographic measurements where the glenoid appears flatter than the corresponding humeral head. Only when the actual articular cartilage surfaces are analyzed is it determined that the actual articulating surfaces do conform.
目前关于肱骨头和关节盂关节面真实形状的定量数据很少。本研究采用精确的立体摄影测量（SPG）技术，为确定盂肱关节关节面的三维几何形状提供了高度准确的定量结果，包括其“球形度”、表面积、软骨厚度以及这些量在不同性别之间的差异。结果表明，盂肱关节面可以用球体的一部分来近似，其与球形度的偏差很小，半径偏差小于1%。此外，结果表明，匹配的肱骨头和关节盂关节面相当吻合，在88%的病例中半径相差在2mm以内，在所有测量病例中相差在3mm以内。因此，该关节缺乏解剖学稳定性并非归因于关节相对较浅或吻合性不足，而是归因于关节盂的表面积较小，无法包裹住肱骨头。软骨厚度的结果可能部分解释了从X线测量中得到的盂肱关节不吻合的看法，即关节盂看起来比相应的肱骨头更扁平。只有在分析实际的关节软骨表面时，才能确定实际的关节面确实是吻合的。
