Kaida Kosuke, Nakano Eriko, Nittono Hiroshi, Hayashi Mitsuo, Hori Tadao
Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, 1-7-1, Higashi Hiroshima, Japan.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2003 Oct;114(10):1896-901. doi: 10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00167-6.
This study examined whether anticipatory changes exist in heart rate prior to awakening from a nap by means of self-awakening. The effects of self-awakening on sleepiness after the short nap were also studied.
Nine students participated in 3 experimental conditions: (1) the control condition, in which participants watched television instead of taking a short nap; (2) the self-awakening condition, in which participants tried to wake up approximately 15 min after 'lights off' (criterion range: 15+/-5 min) and (3) the forced-awakening condition, in which participants were instructed to sleep for 30 min, but were awoken by the experimenter after 15 min.
In the self-awakening condition, heart rate gradually increased approximately 3 min before awakening. The error response ratio of the auditory-oddball task and the duration of doze time during the task were less after both types of nap conditions than in the control condition. Subjective sleepiness, which is measured after awakening, was lowest in the self-awakening condition.
The results of this experiment suggest that self-awakening prepares autonomic activation that facilitates a more smooth transition from sleep to awakening, and reduces sleepiness after naps.
本研究通过自我唤醒的方式，考察小睡醒来前心率是否存在预期变化。还研究了自我唤醒对短时间小睡后困倦感的影响。
九名学生参与了三种实验条件：（1）对照条件，参与者看电视而非进行小睡；（2）自我唤醒条件，参与者在“熄灯”后约15分钟尝试醒来（标准范围：15±5分钟）；（3）强制唤醒条件，参与者被要求睡30分钟，但15分钟后由实验者唤醒。
在自我唤醒条件下，心率在醒来前约3分钟逐渐升高。两种小睡条件下，听觉奇偶数任务的错误反应率和任务期间的打瞌睡时间均比对照条件下少。唤醒后测量的主观困倦感在自我唤醒条件下最低。
本实验结果表明，自我唤醒能使自主神经激活，有助于从睡眠到觉醒更平稳地过渡，并减少小睡后的困倦感。
