Otero G A, Pliego-Rivero F B, Fernández T, Ricardo J
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, J. Carranza y P. Tollocan (s/n) Mex 50180, Toluca, Mexico.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2003 Oct;114(10):1918-25. doi: 10.1016/s1388-2457(03)00173-1.
The purpose of this work was to find a possible relation between psychosocial risk and any lag or alteration in CNS maturation in a group of children growing up in an economically, socially and culturally disadvantageous environment in a developing country.
A 6 year prospective study of 42 pre-school children, growing and living under psychosocial and economic impediments, is presented. EEGs were previously recorded at different ages: 18-30 months (Int J Neurosci 79 (1994) 213), 4 years (Electroenceph clin Neurophysiol 102 (1997) 512), and 5 and 6 years (this study). The EEG developmental patterns between high- and low-risk children (HRC/LRC) are compared.
The EEG pattern in HRC showed higher delta and theta absolute power (AP) and relative power (RP) values in frontal leads, and less alpha AP and RP in posterior leads. The qEEG differences between HRC and LRC diminished with age, although differences in frontal theta and occipital/left temporal alpha bands persisted at 6 years.
We conclude that an inadequate or insufficient environmental stimulation is a major contributing factor of the developmental lag in HRC brain maturation.
This is one of the very few longitudinal studies that address the issue of relating sociocultural risk to EEG maturation.
本研究旨在探寻在一个发展中国家经济、社会和文化处于不利环境中成长的儿童群体，其心理社会风险与中枢神经系统（CNS）成熟延迟或改变之间可能存在的关联。
呈现了一项对42名在心理社会和经济阻碍下成长与生活的学龄前儿童进行的为期6年的前瞻性研究。先前已在不同年龄记录了脑电图：18 - 30个月（《国际神经科学杂志》79卷（1994年）第213页）、4岁（《脑电图与临床神经生理学》102卷（1997年）第512页）以及5岁和6岁（本研究）。比较了高风险儿童与低风险儿童（HRC/LRC）之间的脑电图发育模式。
高风险儿童的脑电图模式显示，额区导联的δ波和θ波绝对功率（AP）及相对功率（RP）值较高，而后区导联的α波AP和RP较低。高风险儿童与低风险儿童之间的定量脑电图差异随年龄减小，尽管在6岁时额区θ波和枕区/左侧颞区α波频段的差异依然存在。
我们得出结论，环境刺激不足或不充分是高风险儿童大脑成熟发育延迟的主要促成因素。
这是极少数探讨社会文化风险与脑电图成熟之间关系问题的纵向研究之一。
