Maier H, Tisch M
Abteilung Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm.
HNO. 2003 Sep;51(9):739-47. doi: 10.1007/s00106-003-0918-7.
Both sets of complaints, mouth dryness and a burning sensation of the oral mucosa, can have a variety of causes. Local and regional as well as systemic causes can be responsible for burning mouth syndrome. Diseases of the oral mucosa can have genetic, inflammatory, or neoplastic origins. Autoimmune diseases and allergies as well as different afflictions relating to internal medicine can be accompanied by a burning sensation in the oral mucosa. Neurological and psychiatric illnesses must be clarified during interdisciplinary diagnostics in order to identify idiopathic forms. The causes of mouth dryness are similarly complex. In addition to inadequate fluid intake, particularly in elderly patients, drug side effects or systemic diseases are frequently also responsible. Treatment is directed at the underlying disease; in ambiguous cases, symptomatic therapy can provide relief for medical complaints.
口干和口腔黏膜烧灼感这两组症状都可能有多种原因。局部、区域以及全身性病因都可能导致灼口综合征。口腔黏膜疾病可能有遗传、炎症或肿瘤起源。自身免疫性疾病、过敏以及与内科相关的不同疾病都可能伴有口腔黏膜烧灼感。在多学科诊断过程中必须明确神经和精神疾病，以便识别特发性形式。口干的原因同样复杂。除了液体摄入不足，特别是老年患者，药物副作用或全身性疾病也经常是原因。治疗针对潜在疾病；在不明确的情况下，对症治疗可以缓解医疗症状。
