Soares Maria Emília de Mattos, Giugliani Elsa Regina Justo, Braun Maria Luiza, Salgado Ana Cristina Nunes, de Oliveira Andréa Proenço, de Aguiar Paulo Rogério
Hospital Fêmina, Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2003 Jul-Aug;79(4):309-16.
To assess the use of pacifiers and its relationship with early weaning among children born at a Child-Friendly Hospital.
A cohort study was carried out with 250 healthy singleton babies, with birthweight > or =2,500 g, and with ongoing breastfeeding, born at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. All mothers lived in Porto Alegre. Data were collected through interviews with the mothers, both at the maternity ward and at their homes, at the end of the first and sixth month of life; and over the phone, in the second and fourth months. Survival curves were built to compare the prevalence of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life among pacifier and non-pacifier users.
Among the 237 newborns contacted in the first month of life, 61.6% had been using pacifiers, most of them since the first week of life. The use of pacifiers was more frequent among male newborns and among those with poorly educated mothers; among babies who were being breastfed, the use of pacifiers was more commonly observed among non-exclusively breastfed ones. Considering the babies who were still being breastfed by the end of the first month of life, the incidence of weaning between months 1 and 6 was 22.4% for non-pacifier users and 50.8% for pacifier users (p<0.001). Almost 2/3 of pacifier users stopped being exclusively breastfed before the end of the second month; among non-pacifier users, this rate was 45% (p<0.001).
The use of pacifiers is deeply rooted in our culture, even in a population oriented towards avoiding it. The association between pacifier use and shorter duration of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding was confirmed in this population.
评估安抚奶嘴的使用情况及其与一家爱婴医院出生儿童早期断奶的关系。
对250名健康的单胎婴儿进行队列研究，这些婴儿出生体重≥2500克，出生于阿雷格里港临床医院，且正在进行母乳喂养。所有母亲均居住在阿雷格里港。通过在婴儿出生后第一个月和第六个月末在产科病房及家中对母亲进行访谈收集数据；在第二个月和第四个月通过电话收集数据。绘制生存曲线以比较使用安抚奶嘴和不使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿在出生后前六个月母乳喂养和纯母乳喂养的发生率。
在出生后第一个月联系的237名新生儿中，61.6%使用过安抚奶嘴，其中大多数从出生第一周就开始使用。男性新生儿以及母亲受教育程度较低的新生儿使用安抚奶嘴更为频繁；在进行母乳喂养的婴儿中，非纯母乳喂养的婴儿使用安抚奶嘴更为常见。对于在出生后第一个月末仍在进行母乳喂养的婴儿，1至6个月期间断奶的发生率，不使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿为22.4%，使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿为50.8%（p<0.001）。近2/3使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿在第二个月末前停止了纯母乳喂养；在不使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿中，这一比例为45%（p<0.001）。
即使在一个倾向于避免使用安抚奶嘴的人群中，安抚奶嘴的使用在我们的文化中依然根深蒂固。在该人群中证实了使用安抚奶嘴与母乳喂养和纯母乳喂养持续时间较短之间的关联。
