Howarth Nancy C, Saltzman Edward, McCrory Megan A, Greenberg Andrew S, Dwyer Johanna, Ausman Lynne, Kramer Daniel G, Roberts Susan B
Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
J Nutr. 2003 Oct;133(10):3141-4. doi: 10.1093/jn/133.10.3141.
Little is known about the relative effects of fermentable fiber (FF) vs. nonfermentable fiber (NFF) on energy regulation in humans. We compared 27 +/- 0.6 g/d supplements of FF (pectin, beta-glucan) and NFF (methylcellulose) for their ability to decrease ad libitum energy intake (EI) and hunger, increase satiety and cause spontaneous body weight and fat losses. Men and women (n = 11) aged 23-46 y, BMI 20.0-34.4 kg/m2, consumed first NFF and then FF for 3 wk each, with a 4-wk washout period between phases. Daily satiety assessed with analog scales was higher with NFF than FF (60.7 +/- 1.0 vs. 57.7 +/- 0.8 mm, P = 0.01). However, there were no differences in reported EI (NFF < FF by 7%, P = 0.31, NFF < baseline by 9.5%, P = 0.11), body weight (NFF 0.13 kg, P = 0.73; FF 0.13 kg, P = 0.60) or fat percentage (NFF -0.3%, P = 0.56; FF -0.1%, P = 0.66) within either phase. In contrast to findings in animals, NFF was more, rather than less satiating than FF, and use of neither NFF nor FF preparations was associated with body weight or fat loss. These pilot results suggest no role for short-term use of FF and NFF supplements in promoting weight loss in humans consuming a diet ad libitum.
关于可发酵纤维（FF）与不可发酵纤维（NFF）对人体能量调节的相对影响，目前所知甚少。我们比较了每日补充27±0.6克的FF（果胶、β-葡聚糖）和NFF（甲基纤维素）在减少随意能量摄入（EI）和饥饿感、增加饱腹感以及导致自发体重和脂肪减少方面的能力。年龄在23 - 46岁、BMI为20.0 - 34.4千克/平方米的男性和女性（n = 11），先食用NFF 3周，然后食用FF 3周，两阶段之间有4周的洗脱期。用模拟量表评估的每日饱腹感，NFF高于FF（60.7±1.0对57.7±0.8毫米，P = 0.01）。然而，在任何一个阶段，报告的EI（NFF比FF低7%，P = 0.31，NFF比基线低9.5%，P = 0.11）、体重（NFF为0.13千克，P = 0.73；FF为0.13千克，P = 0.60）或脂肪百分比（NFF为 - 0.3%，P = 0.56；FF为 - 0.1%，P = 0.66）均无差异。与动物实验结果相反，NFF比FF更有饱腹感，而不是更缺乏饱腹感，并且使用NFF和FF制剂均与体重或脂肪减少无关。这些初步结果表明，短期使用FF和NFF补充剂对随意饮食的人促进体重减轻没有作用。
