Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Food Nutr Res. 2010 Jun 29;54:5135. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v54i0.5135.
People who eat more fiber often have a lower body weight than people who eat less fiber. The mechanism for this relationship has been explained, in part, by increased satiety, which may occur as a result of changes in appetite-suppressing gut hormone levels, and decreases in food intake at subsequent meals.
We hypothesized that increasing doses of mixed fiber, consumed in muffins for breakfast, would proportionally influence satiety, gut hormone levels, and subsequent food intake.
This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Healthy men (n=10) and women (n=10) with a BMI of 24+/-2 (mean+/-SEM) participated in this study. Fasting subjects consumed a muffin with 0, 4, 8, or 12 g of mixed fibers and approximately 500 kcal. Visual analog scales rated hunger and satiety for 3 h; blood was drawn to measure ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) at various intervals; and food intake was measured at an ad libitum lunch.
Responses to satiety-related questions did not differ among treatments. However, despite lack of differences in satiety, gut hormone levels differed among treatments. Ghrelin was higher after the 12 g fiber dose than after the 4 and 8 g fiber doses. GLP-1 was higher after the 0 g fiber dose than after the 12 and 4 g fiber doses, and PYY(3-36) did not differ among fiber doses. Food intake was also indistinguishable among doses.
Satiety, gut hormone response, and food intake did not change in a dose-dependent manner after subjects consumed 0, 4, 8, and 12 g of mixed fiber in muffins for breakfast.
摄入更多膳食纤维的人通常比摄入较少膳食纤维的人体重更轻。这种关系的机制部分可以通过饱腹感的增加来解释，这种增加可能是由于食欲抑制性肠道激素水平的变化，以及随后餐次的食物摄入量减少所致。
我们假设在早餐吃松饼时摄入不同剂量的混合纤维会相应地影响饱腹感、肠道激素水平和随后的食物摄入量。
这是一项随机、双盲、交叉研究。BMI 为 24+/-2（平均值+/-SEM）的健康男性（n=10）和女性（n=10）参加了这项研究。空腹受试者食用含有 0、4、8 或 12 g 混合纤维且热量约为 500 kcal 的松饼。在 3 小时内使用视觉模拟量表评估饥饿感和饱腹感；在不同时间点抽取血液以测量胃饥饿素、胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）和肽 YY（3-36）（PYY（3-36））；在自由进食午餐时测量食物摄入量。
与饱腹感相关的问题的回答在不同处理组之间没有差异。然而，尽管饱腹感没有差异，肠道激素水平在不同处理组之间存在差异。与 4 和 8 g 纤维剂量相比，12 g 纤维剂量后胃饥饿素水平更高。与 12 和 4 g 纤维剂量相比，0 g 纤维剂量后 GLP-1 水平更高，而 PYY（3-36）在不同纤维剂量之间没有差异。不同剂量之间的食物摄入量也没有差异。
在早餐吃松饼摄入 0、4、8 和 12 g 混合纤维时，受试者的饱腹感、肠道激素反应和食物摄入量没有呈剂量依赖性变化。
