French Simone A, Lin Biing-Hwan, Guthrie Joanne F
University of Minnesota, Division of Epidemiology, Minneapolis MN 55454-1015, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2003 Oct;103(10):1326-31. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8223(03)01076-9.
Trends between 1977/1978 and 1994/1998 in the prevalence, amounts, and sources of soft drink consumption were examined among youth age 6 to 17 years.
Dietary intake data were examined from three national surveys: the Nationwide Food Consumption Survey 1977/1978 (n=8,908), and the combined Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals 1994/1996, and the Supplemental Children's Survey 1998 (n=3,177). Soft drinks were defined as carbonated beverages (all United States Department of Agriculture database codes starting with 924) and included flavored waters and juice drinks. Subjects/Setting A national sample of youth ages 6 to 17 years were interviewed for each of the 3 surveys.
t tests were conducted to examine between-survey changes in soft drink consumption and sources of soft drinks.
The prevalence of soft drink consumption among youth ages 6 to 17 years increased 48%, from a prevalence of 37% in 1977/1978 to 56% in 1994/1998. Mean intake of soft drinks more than doubled, from 5 fl oz to 12 fl oz per day. Although the home environment remained the largest source of children's soft drink access, an increasing share was obtained from restaurants and fast-food establishments (+53%), vending machines (+48%), and other sources (+37%).
Away-from-home sources of soft drink are an important factor for dietitians to consider when evaluating the dietary intake and nutritional status of youths.
研究1977/1978年至1994/1998年间6至17岁青少年软饮料消费的流行率、消费量和消费来源的变化趋势。
从三项全国性调查中获取饮食摄入数据：1977/1978年全国食物消费调查（n = 8908），以及1994/1996年个人食物摄入量持续调查与1998年儿童补充调查的合并数据（n = 3177）。软饮料定义为碳酸饮料（所有美国农业部数据库代码以924开头），包括风味水和果汁饮料。研究对象/研究背景：对6至17岁青少年的全国样本进行了这三项调查中的每一项。
进行t检验以研究软饮料消费和软饮料来源在不同调查之间的变化。
6至17岁青少年中软饮料消费的流行率上升了48%，从1977/1978年的37%升至1994/1998年的56%。软饮料的平均摄入量增加了一倍多，从每天5液量盎司增至12液量盎司。尽管家庭环境仍然是儿童获取软饮料的最大来源，但从餐馆和快餐店（+53%）、自动售货机（+48%）和其他来源（+37%）获取软饮料的比例在增加。
对于营养师评估青少年的饮食摄入和营养状况而言，外出时获取软饮料的来源是一个需要考虑的重要因素。
