Figueira Ivan, Mendlowicz Mauro
Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;25 Suppl 1:12-6. doi: 10.1590/s1516-44462003000500004.
Only recently, Brazilian psychiatry has acknowledged the importance of the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Despite the fact that Brazilians have a high prevalence of exposure to traumatic events, such as accidents and homicides, there are few theoretical and empirical studies about PTSD in Brazil. This paper provides a brief review of the diagnosis of PTSD. Following a discussion of the main issues on the definition of traumatic event, we focused our discussion on the challenges of the psychiatric examination of patients with PTSD. In the last section of the paper, the authors emphasize the description of the PTSD symptoms and provide clinical vignettes to illustrate important psychopathological concepts. In conclusion, the importance of the diagnosis of PTSD in psychiatry is highlighted inasmuch as it provides an observational framework for investigating the effects of stress and trauma.
直到最近，巴西精神病学才认识到创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）诊断的重要性。尽管巴西人遭受创伤性事件（如事故和凶杀）的比例很高，但巴西关于PTSD的理论和实证研究却很少。本文对PTSD的诊断进行了简要综述。在讨论了创伤性事件定义的主要问题之后，我们将讨论重点放在了PTSD患者精神检查的挑战上。在本文的最后一部分，作者强调了PTSD症状的描述，并提供了临床案例来说明重要的精神病理学概念。总之，PTSD诊断在精神病学中的重要性得到了凸显，因为它为研究压力和创伤的影响提供了一个观察框架。
