Offer A
All Souls College, Oxford, UK.
Soc Hist Med. 2001;14(1):79-106. doi: 10.1093/shm/14.1.79.
Body weight has risen in defiance of health and appearance norms. This is framed in terms of the problem of time-inconsistency and self-control. The social epidemics of overeating and slimming were driven by market forces and the psychology of eating: restrained eating was easily disinhibited by the stresses of new rewards. For men, the rise in body weight was associated with the decline of family eating and exposure to greater food variety. For women, the 'cult of slimming' was associated with mating and workplace competition, driven initially by adverse sex ratios. Food abundance made it difficult for rational consumers to conform with social norms.
体重上升，无视健康和外表标准。这被界定为时间不一致性和自我控制的问题。暴饮暴食和减肥的社会流行趋势是由市场力量和饮食心理驱动的：新奖励带来的压力很容易使节制饮食受到抑制。对男性而言，体重上升与家庭聚餐减少以及接触更多种类食物有关。对女性来说，“减肥热潮”与交配和职场竞争有关，最初是由不利的性别比例驱动的。食物丰富使理性消费者难以遵守社会规范。
