Nagatani Takashi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Thermal Science, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2003 Sep;68(3 Pt 2):036107. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.68.036107. Epub 2003 Sep 12.
We study the fluctuation of the number of riding passengers in a few shuttle buses that pass each other freely. We present a dynamical model of the shuttle buses that takes into account the maximum capacity of a bus. The dynamics of the buses is expressed in terms of a coupled nonlinear map with noise. The number of passengers carried by a bus and the time headway between buses exhibit complex behavior with varying trips. It is found that the behavior of the buses exhibits deterministic chaos even if there is no noise. The chaotic motion depends on the loading parameter, the maximum capacity of a bus, the bus's speed, and the number of buses. When the loading parameter is larger than a threshold value, each bus carries a full load of passengers throughout its trip. The dependence of the threshold (transition point) on both capacity and speed is clarified.
我们研究了几辆相互自由通行的穿梭巴士上乘客数量的波动情况。我们提出了一个考虑巴士最大载客量的穿梭巴士动力学模型。巴士的动力学通过一个带有噪声的耦合非线性映射来表示。一辆巴士搭载的乘客数量以及巴士之间的车头时距在不同行程中呈现出复杂的行为。研究发现，即使没有噪声，巴士的行为也会表现出确定性混沌。混沌运动取决于负载参数、巴士的最大载客量、巴士速度以及巴士数量。当负载参数大于某个阈值时，每辆巴士在整个行程中都满载乘客。明确了该阈值（转变点）对载客量和速度的依赖性。
