Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Research Centre, Nanyang Avenue, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
PLoS One. 2020 Mar 23;15(3):e0230377. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230377. eCollection 2020.
We investigate a no-boarding policy in a system of N buses serving M bus stops in a loop, which is an entrainment mechanism to keep buses synchronised in a reasonably staggered configuration. Buses always allow alighting, but would disallow boarding if certain criteria are met. For an analytically tractable theory, buses move with the same natural speed (applicable to programmable self-driving buses), where the average waiting time experienced by passengers waiting at the bus stop for a bus to arrive can be calculated. The analytical results show that a no-boarding policy can dramatically reduce the average waiting time, as compared to the usual situation without the no-boarding policy. Subsequently, we carry out simulations to verify these theoretical analyses, also extending the simulations to typical human-driven buses with different natural speeds based on real data. Finally, a simple general adaptive algorithm is implemented to dynamically determine when to implement no-boarding in a simulation for a real university shuttle bus service.
我们研究了在 N 辆巴士服务于一个环形的 M 个巴士站的系统中实施的不登车政策，这是一种保持巴士同步的进站机制，使巴士以合理的交错配置运行。巴士始终允许下车，但如果满足某些条件，则不允许上车。为了进行可分析的理论研究，巴士以相同的自然速度行驶（适用于可编程自动驾驶巴士），可以计算乘客在巴士站等待巴士到达时的平均等待时间。分析结果表明，与没有不登车政策的通常情况相比，不登车政策可以显著减少平均等待时间。随后，我们进行了模拟验证这些理论分析，还根据真实数据将模拟扩展到具有不同自然速度的典型人力驱动巴士。最后，实现了一个简单的通用自适应算法，以在模拟中动态确定何时在实际大学班车服务中实施不登车政策。
