Osterrieder Nikolaus, Schumacher Daniel, Trapp Sascha, Beer Martin, von Einem Jens, Tischer Karsten
Department of Microbiology und Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2003 Sep-Oct;116(9-10):373-80.
Since the first description of the cloning und mutagenesis of a herpesviral genome in 1997, a number of herpesviral DNA's have been cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs). Herpesvirus BAC's are established by introduction of a mini F origin of replication into the viral genome, which can as such be maintained und manipulated in Escherichia coli as a single copy extrachromosomal DNA. Herpesvirus DNA's cloned as BAC's are accessible to the DNA repair und mutagenesis apparatus encoded by E. coli, which can be exploited for the generation und subsequent analysis of virus mutants. One of the advantages of BAC cloning und mutagenesis is that it is independent of virus growth in cultured cells, thereby minimizing the risk of compensatory mutations. Here we summarize BAC's that have been established for Herpesviruses of livestock, among them Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (BHV-1), Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (EHV-1), Marek's Disease Virus (MDV), Pseudorabies Virus (PRV). Special emphasis is put on the exploitation of herpesviral BAC's for the analysis of virus replication und vaccine developments.
自1997年首次描述疱疹病毒基因组的克隆和诱变以来，许多疱疹病毒DNA已被克隆为细菌人工染色体（BAC）。疱疹病毒BAC是通过将一个微小F复制起点引入病毒基因组而建立的，这样它就可以作为单拷贝的染色体外DNA在大肠杆菌中维持和操作。克隆为BAC的疱疹病毒DNA可被大肠杆菌编码的DNA修复和诱变机制作用，这可用于病毒突变体的产生和后续分析。BAC克隆和诱变的优点之一是它不依赖于病毒在培养细胞中的生长，从而将补偿性突变的风险降至最低。在这里，我们总结了已为家畜疱疹病毒建立的BAC，其中包括牛疱疹病毒1型（BHV-1）、马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）、马立克氏病病毒（MDV）、伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）。特别强调了利用疱疹病毒BAC进行病毒复制分析和疫苗开发。
