Lipsztein J L, Melo D R, Sousa W, Dias da Cunha K M, Azeredo A M G, Julião L, Santos M
Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria/CNEN, Av. Salvador Allende s/n, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, CEP 22780-160.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2003;105(1-4):317-20. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006247.
The mining, milling and processing of uranium and thorium bearing minerals may result in radiation doses to workers. The control of occupational exposures from these natural sources of radiation imposes a challenge to regulators and radiation protection advisers. A survey pilot programme, which included six mines in Brazil and a monazite plant, was established, consisting of the collection and analysis of concentrations of uranium, thorium and polonium in urine, faeces and air samples. Results from workers were compared to background data from their families living in the same area and from residents from the population of Rio de Janeiro. Positive exposure results were identified among the coal miners, the niobium miners and the monazite sand workers. Difficulties in the application of internal dosimetry programmes are discussed in relation to the control of NORM workers.
含铀和钍矿物的开采、研磨和加工可能会使工人受到辐射剂量。控制这些天然辐射源造成的职业照射，对监管机构和辐射防护顾问构成了挑战。开展了一项调查试点项目，其中包括巴西的六个矿场和一家独居石工厂，该项目包括收集和分析尿液、粪便及空气样本中的铀、钍和钋浓度。将工人的检测结果与其居住在同一地区的家庭成员以及里约热内卢居民的背景数据进行了比较。在煤矿工人、铌矿工人和独居石砂工人中发现了阳性照射结果。结合天然放射性核素（NORM）工人的控制，讨论了内照射剂量测定方案应用中的困难。
