Rush Charles M
Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, 2301 Experiment Station Road, Bushland, Texas 79012; email:
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2003;41:567-92. doi: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.41.052002.095705.
Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and Beet soilborne mosaic virus (BSBMV) are members of the genus Benyvirus, and Burdock mottle virus (BdMV) is a tentative member. BNYVV and BSBMV are vectored by the plasmodiophorid Polymyxa betae, which has a worldwide distribution. Polymyxa betae is morphologically indistinguishable from P. graminis, but recent molecular studies support separation of the two species. The geographic distribution of BNYVV is also worldwide, but BSBMV has been identified only in the United States. In Europe and Japan, several genotypic strains of BNYVV have been identified, and those with a fifth RNA appear to be more aggressive. No thorough survey of genotypic variability of BNYVV or BSBMV has been conducted in the United States. However, both viruses are widespread and frequently found in the same field, infecting the same beet plant. The implications of this close proximity, with regard to disease incidence and severity, and for recombination, are uncertain. Recent technological advances that permit improved detection and quantification of these viruses and their vector offer tremendous research opportunities.
甜菜坏死黄脉病毒（BNYVV）和甜菜土壤传播花叶病毒（BSBMV）是帚状病毒属的成员，牛蒡斑驳病毒（BdMV）是暂定成员。BNYVV和BSBMV由分布于全球的根肿菌门真菌甜菜多黏菌传播。甜菜多黏菌在形态上与禾本科多黏菌无法区分，但最近的分子研究支持将这两个物种分开。BNYVV的地理分布也是全球性的，但BSBMV仅在美国被发现。在欧洲和日本，已鉴定出BNYVV的几种基因型毒株，带有第五条RNA的毒株似乎更具侵染性。在美国尚未对BNYVV或BSBMV的基因型变异性进行全面调查。然而，这两种病毒都广泛存在，且经常在同一田地中发现，感染同一株甜菜植株。这种近距离接触对疾病发病率和严重程度以及重组的影响尚不确定。最近的技术进步使得对这些病毒及其传播媒介的检测和定量得以改进，提供了巨大的研究机会。
