黄独的离体微繁殖、气生珠芽和块茎的分化及薯蓣皂苷元含量

In vitro micropropagation, differentiation of aerial bulbils and tubers and diosgenin content in Dioscorea bulbifera.

作者信息

Narula Alka, Kumar Sanjeev, Bansal K C, Srivastava P S

机构信息

Centre for Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.

出版信息

Planta Med. 2003 Aug;69(8):778-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2003-42781.

DOI:10.1055/s-2003-42781

PMID:14531034

Abstract

Dioscorea bulbifera could be micropropagated through nodal segments and bulbils. The best medium for regeneration and bulbil differentiation was MS + 0.5 microM IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) + 20.0 microM Kn (kinetin) + 500 mg/L CH (casein hydrolysate) + activated charcoal (20 %). Diosgenin content was maximum in regenerants grown on MS + 5.0 microM IAA + 20.0 microM Kn + 500 mg/L CH. T.s of bulbils could also be used for direct plantlet differentiation as well as bulbil differentiation on MS + 10.0 microM IAA + 20.0 microM Kn + (in mg/L) 30 each of Asp (asparagine) + Arg (arginine) + Gln (glutamine) + 10 Ad (adenine) + 500 CH + 10 Cyst hyd (cysteine hydrochloride). Diosgenin yield in plantlets reached a maximum after 20 weeks. The results indicate that micropropagation, bulbil formation and tuberisation can be achieved in vitro in D. bulbifera, hitherto a less exploited plant, and can further be used for obtaining enhanced levels of diosgenin.

摘要

黄独可通过茎节和珠芽进行微繁殖。用于再生和珠芽分化的最佳培养基是MS + 0.5微摩尔/升吲哚 - 3 - 乙酸（IAA）+ 20.0微摩尔/升激动素（Kn）+ 500毫克/升酪蛋白水解物（CH）+ 20%活性炭。在MS + 5.0微摩尔/升IAA + 20.0微摩尔/升Kn + 500毫克/升CH上生长的再生植株中薯蓣皂苷元含量最高。珠芽的横切片也可用于在MS + 10.0微摩尔/升IAA + 20.0微摩尔/升Kn +（毫克/升）各30的天冬酰胺（Asp）+精氨酸（Arg）+谷氨酰胺（Gln）+ 10腺嘌呤（Ad）+ 500 CH + 10半胱氨酸盐酸盐（Cyst hyd）上直接分化成植株以及珠芽分化。植株中的薯蓣皂苷元产量在20周后达到最高。结果表明，迄今较少被开发利用的黄独可以在体外实现微繁殖、珠芽形成和块茎形成，并且可进一步用于获得更高水平的薯蓣皂苷元。