Vain P, De Buyser J, Bui Trang V, Haicour R, Henry Y
Institut de Biotechnologie des plantes, bat 630, URA CNRS 1128, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France.
Biotechnol Adv. 1995;13(4):653-71. doi: 10.1016/0734-9750(95)02009-8.
Monocotyledonous plants are generally more recalcitrant to genetic transformation than dicotyledonous species. The absence of reliable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods and the difficulties associated with the culture of monocotyledonous tissues in vitro are mainly responsible for this situation. Until recently, the genetic transformation of monocotyledons was essentially performed by direct transfer of DNA into regenerable protoplasts or intact cells cultured in vitro, via polyethylene glycol treatment, electroporation or particle bombardment. Since 1990, the use of particle gun technology has revolutionized the genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species, allowing transformation to be more independent of the in vitro culture requirements. Today, at least one genotype of each major monocotyledonous crop species, including cereals, can be genetically transformed.
单子叶植物通常比双子叶植物更难进行遗传转化。缺乏可靠的农杆菌介导转化方法以及单子叶植物组织体外培养的相关困难是造成这种情况的主要原因。直到最近，单子叶植物的遗传转化基本上是通过聚乙二醇处理、电穿孔或粒子轰击将DNA直接导入可再生原生质体或体外培养的完整细胞来进行的。自1990年以来，粒子枪技术的应用彻底改变了单子叶植物的基因工程，使转化更独立于体外培养要求。如今，包括谷物在内的每种主要单子叶作物至少有一种基因型能够进行遗传转化。
