Joyce T W, Chang H, Campbell A G, Gerrard E D, Kirk T K
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Biotechnol Adv. 1984;2(2):301-8. doi: 10.1016/0734-9750(84)90010-7.
Although almost every U.S. pulp mill has a biological wastewater treatment system, these systems based on bacteria, are largely ineffective in the removal of color. For this reason, we have attempted to utilize Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a fungus known to degrade lignin, as the primary organism in a novel waste treatment scheme named the MyCoR Process. Color from bleached Kraft mills originates principally from the first extraction stage of the bleach plant. It is this waste stream which is sent to the MyCoR Process reactor, a rotating biological contactor, for decolorization. We have found that under optimal conditions up to 2,000 color units/L/day can be removed from the waste stream. There is also a concomitant removal of COD and BOD. In addition, chlorolignins originating from the bleaching process were found to be dechlorinated; this is of interest to those concerned with the impact of bleach plant effluents on the environment. The process uses conventional wastewater treatment equipment. However, the use of a pure culture of fungus in a secondary metabolic state has not been attempted previously in a waste treatment scheme. Minor equipment modification and close operator attention may therefore be required. A preliminary economic analysis shows that the MyCoR Process, in its present state, would cost about US$30/metric ton of bleached Kraft pulp produced. This cost will decrease as improved or new strains of fungi are developed for the process.
尽管美国几乎每一家纸浆厂都有生物废水处理系统，但这些基于细菌的系统在去除颜色方面大多效率低下。因此，我们尝试利用一种已知能降解木质素的真菌——黄孢原毛平革菌，作为一种名为MyCoR工艺的新型废物处理方案中的主要生物。漂白硫酸盐浆厂的颜色主要源于漂白车间的第一萃取阶段。正是这股废物流被送往MyCoR工艺反应器，即一个旋转生物接触器，进行脱色处理。我们发现，在最佳条件下，每天可从废物流中去除高达2000个颜色单位/升。同时，化学需氧量（COD）和生化需氧量（BOD）也会被去除。此外，还发现源自漂白过程的氯代木质素被脱氯；这对于关注漂白车间废水对环境影响的人来说很有意义。该工艺使用传统的废水处理设备。然而，在废物处理方案中，此前尚未尝试使用处于次生代谢状态的纯真菌培养物。因此，可能需要对设备进行 minor 修改并让操作人员密切关注。初步经济分析表明，MyCoR工艺目前的状态下，每生产一吨漂白硫酸盐浆的成本约为30美元。随着为该工艺开发出改良的或新的真菌菌株，这一成本将会降低。
