酶补充剂对幼龄肉鸡小麦、大麦、燕麦和黑麦表观代谢能及养分消化率的影响。

The effect of enzyme supplementation on the apparent metabolizable energy and nutrient digestibilities of wheat, barley, oats, and rye for the young broiler chick.

作者信息

Friesen O D, Guenter W, Marquardt R R, Rotter B A

机构信息

Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 1992 Oct;71(10):1710-21. doi: 10.3382/ps.0711710.

DOI:10.3382/ps.0711710

PMID:1454688

Abstract

The influence of enzyme supplementation on the bioavailable energy (AME(n)) and apparent digestibilities of lipid (ALD) and protein (APD) in young broiler chicks was examined for diets containing either wheat, hulled or hulless barley, naked oats, or spring rye. Dietary AME(n), APD, and ALD values were depressed (P less than or equal to .01) for all test grains (except hulled Bedford barley) as the inclusion rate of the grain replacing wheat increased. The antinutritives, beta-glucans (barley and oats) and pentosans (rye), had the most pronounced effect on ALD. The decreases in ALD were 43, 77, and 67% for chicks fed diets containing 70% Scout barley (hulless), Terra oats, and Gazelle rye, respectively, compared with those fed the control wheat diet. Enzyme supplementation increased (P less than or equal to .01) AME(n), APD, and ALD for all test cereals. The corresponding increases in the AME(n), of the enzyme-supplemented diets containing 70% HY320 wheat, Bedford barley, Scout barley, Terra oats, and Gazelle rye diets were 4, 7, 42, 33, and 14%, respectively, compared with their unsupplemented counterparts. Enzyme treatment also improved (P less than or equal to .01) weight gains and feed conversion efficiencies of chicks fed diets containing each of the cereals. Overall, the results demonstrate that the nutritive value of cereal grains such as wheat, barley, oats, and rye can be improved by the addition of crude fungal extracts to the diet of young chicks.

摘要

研究了酶添加对饲喂含小麦、带壳或裸大麦、裸燕麦或春黑麦日粮的幼龄肉鸡生物可利用能量（AME(n)）以及脂肪（ALD）和蛋白质（APD）表观消化率的影响。随着替代小麦的谷物添加比例增加，所有试验谷物（除带壳的贝德福德大麦外）的日粮AME(n)、APD和ALD值均降低（P≤0.01）。抗营养物质β-葡聚糖（大麦和燕麦）和戊聚糖（黑麦）对ALD的影响最为显著。与饲喂对照小麦日粮的雏鸡相比，饲喂含70% Scout大麦（裸）、Terra燕麦和Gazelle黑麦日粮的雏鸡ALD分别降低了43%、77%和67%。酶添加提高了（P≤0.01）所有试验谷物的AME(n)、APD和ALD。与未添加酶的日粮相比，含70% HY320小麦、贝德福德大麦、Scout大麦、Terra燕麦和Gazelle黑麦的酶添加日粮的AME(n)相应提高了4%、7%、42%、33%和14%。酶处理还改善了（P≤0.01）饲喂含各种谷物日粮的雏鸡的体重增加和饲料转化效率。总体而言，结果表明，通过在幼雏日粮中添加粗制真菌提取物，可以提高小麦、大麦、燕麦和黑麦等谷物的营养价值。